Beit Lehem (Bethlehem) is a city in the tribal portion of Yehuda, south of Jerusalem. In the Tanakh it is also called Efrat.

Currently identified as the area of the modern Beit Lehem/Bethlehem (Y. Aharoni).

• The burial spot of the matriarch Rachel might be near Efrat (Genesis 35, 19).
• Beit Lehem is the hometown of Elimelekh and Naomi (Ruth chapters 1, 2, 4) and the birthplace of King David, who was also secretly anointed as king in Beit Lehem (I Samuel 17, 13).
• During the reign of King David, Philistines captured Beit Lehem (II Samuel 23, 14; I Chronicles 11, 16).
• King Rehav'am turned Beit Lehem into a fortified city (II Chronicles 11, 6).